Facts & Figures
Population
Mexico and Germany are among the 20 most populated countries in the world and in their respective regions. Mexico is the third most populated country in America, while Germany is the first in Europe.
Source: Our World in Data (2023): Mexico: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/population-unwpp?tab=chart&country=MEX , Germany: Our World in Data (2023) https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/population-unwpp?tab=chart&country=DEU
Total Final Energy Consumption
Even though Mexico has a large population, its energy consumption remains fairly low in comparison to Germany. As a middle-income country, Mexico has opportunities to grow and alleviate poverty based on a clean energy consumption. Growing the economy and expanding Mexico’s middle-class while supporting CO2 emissions reduction goals requires greater energy efficiency and renewable energy production.
In the case of Germany, the Energiewende sets the baseline for a transformation of the way energy is produced and consumed, maintaining the patterns of use of energy.
Sources:
Mexico: IEA (2023): https://www.iea.org/countries/mexico/efficiency-demand ,
Germany: IEA (2023) https://www.iea.org/countries/germany/efficiency-demand
Clean Energy Goals for 2030
Both Germany and Mexico have set ambitious goals to transform their electricity sectors. In Mexico, the Power Sector Development Plan (PLADESE) 2025–2039 outlines measures to achieve the country’s Nationally Determined Contribution under the Paris Agreement, focusing on three main lines of action: a) the integration of clean energy into electricity generation; b) the replacement of high-carbon fuels with natural gas in high-efficiency power plants; and c) the reduction of technical losses in the electricity grid. Under this plan, it is projected that by 2030 the share of clean electricity generation will exceed the 35% target, reaching approximately 38%.
On the other hand, Germany’s framework to decarbonize its power system states that by 2025, the country aims for 40–45% of electricity consumption to come from renewable energy sources, primarily wind and solar, as part of its Energiewende transition strategy, and by 2030, the share of renewables in the electricity mix is expected to reach at least 80%. In the longer term, Germany is committed to achieving climate neutrality by 2050, gradually phasing out fossil fuels while modernizing the grid and expanding storage and flexibility solutions.
Sources: SENER (2025): Mexico: DOF - Diario Oficial de la Federación Germany BMWK : https://www.bmwi.de/Redaktion/DE/Downloads/Energie/220111_eroeffnungsbilanz_klimaschutz.pdf
Energy Production
Both countries are important energy producers. As Mexico is an oil-exporting country, its energy production exceeds Germany´s, although it still heavily relies domestically on fossil fuels. On the other side, Germany has a steady increase of renewable energy in its energy production.
Sources: IEA (2022): Mexico: https://www.iea.org/countries/mexico, Germany: https://www.iea.org/countries/germany
GDP per Capita
Mexico, as a middle-income country, has the opportunity of fostering growth and fulfilling its commitment towards a green economy. Both Mexico and Germany are part of the G20, the group of the larger developed and developing countries. This creates areas of joint efforts at the international stage, such as promoting the energy transition among its regions and protecting the climate.
Source: World Bank (2022): Mexico: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=MX, Germany: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=DE
CO2 emissions per capita
Mexico and Germany strongly support the Paris Agreement. There is a clear interest in supporting the reduction of GHG emissions, particularly in the energy sector. As both economies expand, the two countries are cooperating at the international stage to promote CO2 emissions reduction and a transformation of energy systems.
Source: IEA (2022): Mexico: https://www.iea.org/countries/mexico, Germany: https://www.iea.org/countries/germany
Share of RES generation (of gross electricity generation)
Germany is a leading country of renewable energy generation. In spite of the size of its economy, Germany has managed to increase rapidly its renewable electricity generation. The integration of increasing shares of variable renewable energy sources into the system and power grids is an example of lessons learned that Germany is sharing with Mexico.
Source: SENER (Mexico), BMWK (Germany) (2022): Mexico: https://www.gob.mx/sener/es/articulos/la-nueva-politica-energetica-del-gobierno-de-mexico-avanza-para-garantizar-al-pueblo-la-electricidad-y-los-combustibles?idiom=es, Germany: https://www.erneuerbare-energien.de/EE/Navigation/DE/Service/Erneuerbare_Energien_in_Zahlen/Aktuelle-Informationen/aktuelle-informationen.html